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One thing I consistently noticed in both racehorses and trail horses that come into the arena is misunderstanding.  Both trail riding and racing have a destination specific goal.  Trail horses are typically ridden over the same trail only once or twice in a session.  Racehorses have to travel to a point, then they can slow down.  The concept of the short and fat trail/racetrack that we call an arena is confusing at first to these horses.

Imagine if you had never heard of an endless swimming pool. If you saw one, you would rely on your previous experience with similar bodies of water.  You might think it’s a weird hot tub, mundane fountain, or comically short lap pool.  

Endless pool

The trail horses and race horses seem to have the same trouble with arenas as the people who haven’t read In Flight magazine might have with endless pools. Often horses who are new to the arena will go slower in one spot, then fast in another.  They will try to stop in certain spots (usually by the gate).  This can often be labeled as gate sour or barn sour, but I think it’s just a misunderstanding about the concept of an arena to these trail and racetrack horses.

So what to do?  Plenty of boring training.  Lots and lots of walking around the arena on a loose rein.  I coach the horses a little bit, like asking them to keep going if they stop, or getting them to walk again if they start jigging.  Otherwise, I leave them alone.  Their tempo will even out eventually.  

This ride with Blue was about 20 minutes walking around the arena before he steadied his tempo, then seven more minutes until he could keep his tempo steady in the opposite direction.  Then I dismounted.  No need to trot until we can walk well consistently.  If we tried to trot before we got the walk steady, we would have the same inconsistent tempo problems in the trot.

Our goal is a steady tempo at the walk early in the ride, which we acheived in the next session, along with my next three goals.  They were relaxation, stretching down, and long walk strides.    This is how we we will learn the free walk.  

When Blue and I compete in Kentucky in the fall, we will be required to ride Training level, test 2.  In this dressage test, the free walk has more clout than any other movement.  It is worth double points, and in the collective marks factors into about 1/3 of the score for the horse’s gaits.  It’s also a key factor in the judges’ scoring of impulsion and submission.  

No matter if you look at developing a good free walk for competition purposes, or for training purposes, it is one of the key basics that we build our foundation if training on.

With all the horses I train, I like to spend a lot of time solidifying the basics. It is much easier to progress smoothly through the levels if the basics are firmly in place. Good basics are very boring, many people don’t spend much time on them because they require the patience of a fisherman on quaaludes.

Patience is a necessity for every good horse trainer. It’s also a necessity for any good riding horse. Horses are like people in that some are more naturally patient than others. Just like people can work on their patience, horses can also be trained to be more patient too.

One of my cowboy type teachers told me that his horse needed to stand still well enough for him to smoke an entire cigarette without touching the reins. Yuck, I don’t want to have to smoke cigarettes to train my horse, this is the 21st century! Instead, I train my horses to do something much more modern. They have to stand still long enough for me to write an email on my phone.

Blue and Corny both need to work on their patience. I start this training by getting them to stand in one spot at a distance from me.  Usually I imagine a circle the size of a hula hoop for the horse’s front feet.  For the purposes of these pictures, I used a spiraled cord to represent the area in which I want the horse to keep his feet.  If the horse moves out of the circle, I stay where I am and put his feet back into the  circle. 

Corny relaxed and focused on me. While sitting in a chair is not generally something that is considered safe to do around horses, I’ve mitigated some of the risk by making sure there are plenty of ways for the horse to go other than over the top of me.

This is a great exercise to do when waiting for something.  It helps there horse gain confidence and respect standing at a distance from his handler.  The handler will get good practice making finely tuned cues to get the horse to go back in his circle.

I’m asking Corny to step back into the circle, without getting up.

Blue and Corny did very well at this exercise!  After a bit, I decided to work on ground trying and walked away. In general, Corny wants to follow me around everywhere and Blue is always looking for an opportunity to walk away.  Even though I intended for the coil on the ground to be a representation of an imagined area for the sake of photos, I think it helped the horses know they were supposed to stay put!  Perhaps the coil is there loosest set of hobbles ever.

It was hard for Corny not to follow me, but he ground tied like a champ.

After the parking brake has been installed on the ground, we move on to mounted installation.  The principle is the same, imagine a hula hoop size area and keep the horses front feet in it.  If the horse steps out of place, move them back in as few steps as possible.  For example, if the horse walked forward out of place, back them into three circle.  If the horse sidestepped left out of the circle, side step him left to get back in the circle.

Blue doing well with his parking brake installation. He has nice relaxed ears and a low neck that tell me that he’s not about to walk off, even if I move around in my tack.

This training will come in handy when trying to have a conversation while mounted, adjusting stirrups, or tightening the girth. For competitive purposes, it will help the horse be immobile in their halts, and wait politely for their turn to show. In a more big picture approach, it will help them to wait for their rider’s cues.

My last post talked about how I use long lining (double longe) to help Corny out with his misconception about how to respond to pressure in the bridle.  Corny was under the impression that he should raise his head and lower his back when he feels pressure on the bridle.  This led to a bad ride for me that I had emotional difficulties with. Given that my back isn’t doing that great right now, I decided to enlist the help of one of my students.

Kate Little is an eventing trainer a couple of towns over.  She has taken a couple lessons with me, and I see her at the horse shows.  I’ve been looking for an assistant to replace the one I lost 3 years ago, and while she isn’t interested in the job, she has told me that she would be happy to help me out in the short term.  She also says that she will ride anything, which is a policy that is dramatically different from mine!

Anyway, Kate came out and did a fantastic job with Corny.  I started him in the long lines to remind him about the concept of yielding to pressure in the bridle and going forward at the same time.  Kate was able to duplicate this response under saddle with better timing than I was able to produce in my Ride with Corny.

Kate noticed that Corny didn’t understand that using the leg means go faster.  She worked on creating that response with him, then added some intermittent pressure in the bridle to encourage him to lower his neck.

I had a good time watching Corny try hard and process this information.  I took some (wretched) photos in burst mode to see how he processed pressure on the bridle.

This sequence is from the beginning of the ride

Corny still reacted to pressure by lifting his head at first.  Then he remembered what he learned on the long lines and lowered his neck and brought his back up slightly.

We are off to a good start!  Corny is a good guy. This next sequence is how he reacted to pressure 10 minutes later at the end of his ride:

This end result makes me very happy.  Kate and I were both congratulating Corny for how good and how clever he is.  He’s elongating his neck, lifting his back more and learning how to keep going all at the same time!

We are going to continue in this vein for Corny, alternating between riding and long lining.  My goal right now is to get him to understand that the rider’s leg means go, and the rider’s hand means follow.  I’m hoping this will relax him enough so that he can keep his tongue in his damn mouth!

I had my first bad ride on Corny.   When I asked Corny to trot, he’d fling his head back and get light in front like he wanted to rear.  If he did start trotting, he’d take a hoppy step to get from walk to trot.  His trotting seemed labored, like me and my equipment were way heavier than anything else he’d had to trot a circle in.
So I decided to do was to go back to the long lines.  I want educate him that he doesn’t have to raise his head whenever he feels lateral pressure on a rein…even if he is moving.  I also want to help him build his top line more.

You may wonder why I don’t just put some side reins on him.  I’m not a big fan of training in side reins because you can’t give a release like you can with  long lining.  Horses in my program really only use side reins of they are giving a longe lesson or participating in a side rein mandated pony club lesson.

I kept the jumping cavesson on Corny and arranged my lines to encourage him to stretch down.  The inside line goes from my hand, through the bit ring, and clips to the middle ring of the surcingle.  The outside rein goes from my hand, over his back, through the top surcingle ring, through the bit ring, and clips to the lowest surcingle ring.  This set up is called the flying W.

Inside rein of the flying W set up
Outside rein of the flying W set up

Here’s a series of photos that show me asking for Corny to flex to the inside and correcting his response to fling his head up.

This is a picture of a hollow horse.  Corny feels pressure on the bridle, pushes the bottom of his neck forward and drops his back behind the withers Corny is still fighting the pressure though maybe his head isn’t so high now.  His stress indicator is now showing (his tongue) Corny is beginning to experiment by taking his head a bit laterally to yield to the rein pressure Corny’s neck is still constricted, but he’s softened the muscles on the bottom side of his neck Corny has figured out how to stretch down when the inside rein is applied now, but he’s still quite tight in his back muscles Corny has elongated his neck and is moving forward now

Corny is stretching to a light contact with soft back muscles.  This is a good success from when we started the session

Tomorrow’s post will talk about how we take what we achieved on there long lines into a more positive response under saddle.